QUESTION

1. Mr. Hom was injured in an accident that completely severed his spinal cord at the level of T12. How would this injury impact him physically?
2. After listening to loud music in your headphones for 2 years, you start to think you can’t hear quite as well as before. Why might this be happening?

ANSWER

1. Mr. Hom’s Injury: Mr. Hom’s injury, which completely severed his spinal cord at the level of T12, would have significant physical impacts on him. The spinal cord plays a crucial role in transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. With a severed spinal cord at the T12 level, Mr. Hom would experience paralysis and loss of sensation below the level of the injury. Specifically:
   • Paralysis: Mr. Hom would likely experience paraplegia, which is the loss of motor function in the lower limbs. This means he would be unable to move or control his legs voluntarily.
   • Loss of Sensation: Along with paralysis, Mr. Hom would also experience a loss of sensation below the level of the injury. He may have reduced or complete loss of feeling in his lower body, including his legs, feet, and possibly part of the trunk.
2. Effects of Prolonged Loud Music Exposure: Listening to loud music in headphones for an extended period, such as two years, can lead to a condition known as noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). NIHL occurs due to prolonged exposure to loud sounds, which damages the hair cells in the cochlea, the auditory organ in the inner ear. This damage can result in:
   • Reduced Hearing Sensitivity: Prolonged exposure to loud music can lead to damage to the hair cells in the cochlea, causing a decrease in hearing sensitivity. This can result in difficulty hearing sounds clearly, especially in noisy environments.
   • Tinnitus: Individuals may also experience tinnitus, a ringing, buzzing, or hissing sound in the ears, as a result of damage to the auditory system.
   • Permanent Hearing Loss: Continued exposure to loud noises can cause irreversible damage to the hair cells, leading to permanent hearing loss over time.

In both scenarios, understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying the injuries or changes is crucial for providing appropriate care and interventions to mitigate the impacts on individuals’ health and well-being.

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